What does the term "actuator" refer to in hydraulics?

In hydraulics, the term "actuator" specifically refers to a device that converts the energy from pressurized hydraulic fluid into mechanical motion or force. This is central to hydraulic systems, as actuators are responsible for moving various components and perform tasks such as lifting, pushing, or tilting.

Actuators can come in various forms, including hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors, which use the pressure of the hydraulic fluid to generate physical movement. This ability to create motion is crucial for applications in machinery, construction equipment, and automotive systems, where precise control of movement is required.

The other options highlight different components or functions within hydraulic systems but do not accurately describe an actuator. For instance, regulating fluid flow is related to valves, while measuring fluid pressure pertains to pressure transducers or gauges. Inputs of electrical energy are typically associated with devices such as solenoids or electric motors, rather than hydraulic actuators.